Dr. Tyrone Hayes lecture Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pax Romana. Read up on it in your textbook and then write a three-four Research Paper

Pax Romana. Look into it in your course book and afterward compose a three-four page on those rulers who you believe were acceptable ( a - Research Paper Example They made conceivable the prosperous exchanges by which Roman development procured rich imports of Chinese, Persian floor coverings, Arabian scents, Phoenician purple colors, Indonesian flavors, just as Greek porcelains and Indian textures. All things considered, during the rule of Roman Emperor Trajan (A.D. 53 †A.D. 117), a Spanish military authority, there had been thorough endeavors to develop valuable structures for Romans. Among his incredible accomplishments other than encouraging broad ventures on building open structures, Trajan is also perceived for his arrangements on social government assistance and triumphs in the east. As a result of him, Rome would remain in pride even in present day times due to Trajan’s Forum, Trajan’s Market, and Trajan’s Column which were completely endless supply of his effective program. Additionally, the standard of Roman Emperor Hadrian (76 A.D. - 138 A.D.) brought riches and security for the domain the time he destro yed the regional development of Rome and braced Roman endless supply of a few â€Å"Walls of Hadrian†. ... Clearly, Trajan and Hadrian made helpful heads of Rome dependent on the previously mentioned achievements from which I can see how they dealt with the whole populace by concentrating on arrangements and works that improved the realm and reinforced sound socio-political relations among individuals who admired pioneers whose beliefs were a long way from degenerate and egotistical tendencies. Along with the other three great rulers to be specific †Nerva, Antonius Pius, and Marcus Aurelius, they had the option to set up a sort of government that comprised of authorities who cutting-edge people’s interests and worked for the realm with enormous feeling of respectability and heart. To this degree, I should profoundly praise Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius (A.D. 161 †A.D. 180) for all the great vibes felt by the domain out of his surpassing humble goodness. His great character characteristic fundamentally showed the ability to share magnificent forces like the treatment he pr ovided for Lucius Aurelius Verus and his forerunner Antonius Pius whose desires were conceded after his system. Marcus Aurelius is such a striking head for bearing the information on great initiative as well as even of refined insight since he was broadly known and acclaimed for being an author and scholar of the Stoic way of thinking. As a savant lord of his time, he composed praiseworthy works, for example, the â€Å"Meditations† alongside the compositions which showed shrewdness of truth and magnificence of reason. Now, I could very envision how the requirements of every resident were earnestly dealt with by the standard of such a sovereign who, by his inclination, regarded and utilized good excellencies of reasoning

Thought Stopping to Avoid Panic and Anxiety

Thought Stopping to Avoid Panic and Anxiety Panic Disorder Coping Print Thought Stopping to Avoid Panic and Anxiety By Sheryl Ankrom linkedin Sheryl Ankrom is a clinical professional counselor and nationally certified clinical mental health counselor specializing in anxiety disorders. Learn about our editorial policy Sheryl Ankrom Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on April 24, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 20, 2019 Fotosearch / Getty Images More in Panic Disorder Coping Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions When panic (anxiety) attacks occur, the physical symptoms are often frightening and confusing. This condition leads to intrusive, repetitive thoughts that are focused on worry and doubt. These thoughts may cause you to experience a  sense of helplessness, anxiousness, or a lack of confidence. Your behaviors can then start to mirror your feelings. For instance, you may avoid trying new things or avoid participating in activities you once enjoyed.   What Is Thought Stopping? One technique that some people use to help with the intrusive negative thoughts and worry that often accompany panic disorder and anxiety is called “thought stopping.” The basis of this technique is that you consciously issue the command, “ stop” when you experience repeated negative or distorted thoughts. You then replace the negative thought with something more positive and realistic. Principles Behind Thought Stopping The principles of why thought stopping work is pretty straightforward, interrupting bothersome and unnecessary thoughts with a “stop” command serve as a reminder and a distraction. Phobic and obsessive thoughts tend to ruminate or repeat in your mind. Left unchecked, they become automatic and occur frequently. If you’re using thought-stopping, you become aware of unhealthy thought chains and divert your attention from damaging repetitive thought habits. In addition, using the thought stopping technique may give you a sense of control. When followed with positive and reassuring statements, you are breaking the negative thought habit and reinforcing a sense of reassurance. If unhealthy thought patterns have influenced how you feel and how you behave, so too, will healthy and beneficial thoughtsâ€"but in a much better way, of course. Why Thought Stopping May Not Work for You Thought-stopping can be an effective self-help strategy to help some people  overcome negative thinking and gain a new perspective on life. However, this technique may not be suited for everyone and can even backfire in some circumstances. For example, some people find that trying to push anxious thoughts down, only makes them build stronger until they all explode or coming rushing out at once. Most psychologists dont recommend thought stopping for patients since its believed the thought rebounding that can occur is more damaging than just dealing with the negative thoughts in a direct way. It can create a feeling of responsibility or blame for a person having negative thoughts without actually figuring out where the thought came from in the first place. And for those with serious mental illnesses, its not effective to tell them to just stop thinking bad thoughts. If you find that your negative thinking and anxiety have become overwhelming, it may be time to consult with a treatment provider. A therapist can help you to work through these issues and develop more cognitive behavioral strategies to assist in dealing with your thoughts. Additionally, your therapist can make referrals when needed, giving you access to additional  treatment options. A Word From Verywell It is also important to remember that while many experts believe that your thoughts influence how you feel and how you behave,  this does not mean that your thoughts are solely behind your troubling symptoms. There are  biological, environmental, and other  causes contributing to your illness, which can best be sorted out by a healthcare professional. Find Relief With the 7 Best Online Anxiety Support Groups

Personal Statement My Family - 1272 Words

I was never interested in having a sibling, until I had one. I always thought I would be perfectly happy on my own, just me, myself, and I. The only person I ever had to be concerned about was myself. My parents were just about always busy, and I sometimes even had to spend my days at my mom’s work office. Dad was normally always doing something and worked late. I had a good group of friends, and they were all I needed, right? But once my family adopted a little boy, I was never alone. I learned more about the meaning of family. As soon as that little boy was part of my family, I as a person, changed forever. I will never forget the first time I met my brother, it’s tattooed in my memory forever. It was a cloudy day, and it was very humid outside. My mom told me that morning that the boy would be coming to visit us and see his future family. I was so thrilled about it, that I screamed out of pure joy. I waited the entire day in my room staring out the window, anticipati ng the arrival of the boy. It felt as if days had past, me sitting on my double bed, playing with my polly pockets. Until finally a small car pulled up into our sloped driveway, and a woman stepped out of the driver’s seat. A never-ending smile was instantly plastered onto my face. Moments later the back door opened and out stepped the boy. I became so excited, my brother was there! My brother was in the driveway, only yards away! He was little, my mom said that he was three years old, he had dark creamy,Show MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : My Family907 Words   |  4 PagesMy Home Friends are like family that you are able to choose. I never understood the truth that statement held until i met the group of people I now consider to be my best friends. For years i spent a lot of time by myself. Most of my friends were acquaintances that I only spoke to at school. As a nervous fourteen year old, high school was a lot of things in my head. Most of all it seemed lonely. My biggest fear was being all alone. Little did I know that I would acquire a bunch of loud goofballsRead MorePersonal Statement : My Family1272 Words   |  6 Pagesperfectly happy on my own, just me, myself, and I. The only person I ever had to be concerned about was myself. My parents were just about always busy, and I sometimes even had to spend my days at my mom’s work office. Dad was always doing something and worked late. I had a good group of friends, and they were all I needed, right? But once my family adopted a little boy, I was never alone. I learned more about the meaning of fam ily. As soon as that little boy was part of my family, I as a person, changedRead MorePersonal Statement : My Family1082 Words   |  5 PagesI have been feeling a combination of emotions after hearing some very interesting news from my family. I feel is confusion of being shocked, upset and excitement which I share with my siblings or my wife. I wonder, is this true? How could it be? We were one big happy family, but now I don’t understand. My siblings and my wife all have provided me comfort, which has been very helpful. I was the youngest of seven; with five sisters and one brother. Now, I find out I have two brothers. I grew up beingRead MorePersonal Statement : My Family957 Words   |  4 Pages There are many aspects of this picture that tell you a story about my family. First, and probably the most obvious, is that we enjoy spending quality time together during sporting events. Whether its a third grade baseball game, high school football game, or a professional NHL game, sports are a way that our family communicates. This picture was during one of the NHL games we went to in Boston. A big part of all my family members childhoods included competitive sports, so its something we all findRead MoreMy Personal Statement On My Family915 Words   |  4 Pagesstart from my roots, which is my family. They have shaped me in more ways than one, from making me a strong person by constantly testing my sensitive points, to helping me pave a better path in life by teaching me not to make the same mistakes they did. They have impacted my life, not only mentally, but physically as well. They gave me help I needed, even when it was unwanted, and without that I wouldn’t be the southern, social, and sweet Sarah I am today. Just as my family has shaped my life sociallyRead MoreMy Personal Statement On My Family924 Words   |  4 PagesMy family has always been supportive of my actions, which I believe has helped influence my behavior. My mom is my number one supporter. It is learning from her that has shaped my continued academic pursuit despite my grief. I have a hard time making decisions and majority of the time I relay on my family to help me make decisions. My mother has always taught me to be my own person. This means to think, speak, and act unique. I have lived by this saying for many years. As a child growing upRead MoreMy Personal Statement On My Family1000 Words   |  4 Pagestraits are essential to becoming a multifaceted person. My family has assisted in my growth and thought process over the years. It is a privilege to have such a group of knowledgeable individuals accessible to me. My family has given me the discernment of encouragement, financial management, and spirituality. My mother has always been supportive of all my endeavors. I was taught from an early age that I could achieve all of my desired goals. My intentions needed to be pure and a fresh perspectiveRead MorePersonal Statement : My Family2660 Words   |  11 Pagesis. Although some things have changed and it’s not like before, I still love my father. There was a tragic event that took place in my family’s life; it affected me and made me a different person after that incident. I have learned that going through hard times makes you stronger, and I want to let people know that giving up should not be an option or choice in our life. I have realized the importance of my family in my life because they are the only ones who are there for us till the end. We allRead MoreMy Personal Statement On My Family2150 Words   |  9 Pagesespecially true to me. I would not be who I am today without my family, experiences and relations that I have made throughout the years. Those influences a lso contribute to who they want to be and what they want to do in the future. From family to friends to culture to experiences, I believe that my past and present have and will deflect or project me into my future. My family has been a major part of my life by influencing key portions of my life. Financial issues, morals, responsibilities, and rudimentaryRead MorePersonal Statement : My Childhood, Adventure, And Quality Family Essay1389 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout my childhood, my mother made an effort to cultivate my interests and hobbies. Despite being impoverished, particularly after her divorce when I was five, she sought out opportunities to camp, travel, and educate me. She read me stories before bed every night, and strived to maximize the time we spent together. This young exposure to expedition, adventure, and quality family time promoted within me my most positive, deeply rooted characteristics. I am curious and independent; I need to

Freedom Of Speech By The First Amendment Of The Constitution

Words are significant; they enable us to be expressive and create individuality amongst ourselves. According to Literacy, â€Å"The right to speak without censorship or restraint by the government†¦ is protected by the First Amendment of the Constitution.† (Literacy, 2005) This definition describes the most important freedom in my eyes. Without freedom of speech, I am unable to be the individual that I strive to be, which is to stick out and be unique, which is why I treasure freedom of speech the most. I am going to take advantage of my freedom of speech and use it to cultivate and progress my business goals in life to make me successful as a woman in the business world. Freedom of speech had to take gradual and extensive steps in order to†¦show more content†¦These questions did not consume of knowledge, these questions had opinions in them. He made his audience think through what he was saying and find a logical conclusion. He began to challenge the Greek wi sdom, and that is when his freedom of speech began to come to an end. Peers felt threatened by his speech, and they decided to sentence him, later leading to his death. Even though Socrates was advocating for it more than 2000 years ago, freedom of speech as a legal right did not exist until the 17th Century. (Henderson, 2001-2015) As learned previously through the works of Socrates, it can be inferred that freedom of speech was always being challenged by specific individuals; however, it takes a special individual to be able to make historical and ratifying changes towards the ability to have freedom of speech. Besides the era of Socrates, freedom of speech also took place in other decades that has trailed to impact us today. A specific doctrine to help guide freedom of speech was the British Bill of Rights and the Declaration of the Rights of Man, which was written by the National Assembly of the French Revolution in 1789. This was aimed to stop monarchy, and help use the principles of Enlightenment into the picture. The Age of Enlightenment is when they began to put reason into their lives. It was no longer just one way or no way, people finally put their own opinions into

Why Do People Smoke Free Essays

Why Do People Smoke? Shourav Banik 1111263042 ENG 105: 14 Abdus Selim May 2, 2012 Why Do People Smoke? Introduction Smoking is one of the most popular habits among people today. All around the world we see people smoking. Even in Bangladesh the number of smokers is quite high. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Do People Smoke? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Especially around the university campus young adults are seen smoking frequently. It can be said that among every friend circle in universities we will find one or two smokers. My circle is no different also. Not only in universities, even around schools and colleges teenagers can be seen smoking. Offices and restaurants have their own smoking zone so that people can smoke without any kind of problems. Given this huge popularity of smoking one can only wonder the main reasons behind it? Smoking cigarettes has become a very common trend among people today. Although there are various bad effects of smoking cigarettes people find it very hard to quit smoking once they start. Now-a-days we see even very young boys and girls smoking cigarettes. The bad effects of smoking are known to almost everybody in the world today. There has been strong promotion against this deadly habit. In school students are constantly reminded of its bad consequences. But still we see people smoking. This is a habit that has been going on for many decades now. Several reasons drive a man towards smoking. Every person tends to think that they have different reason for smoking. But if we look closely we may see a general pattern among smokers. The main reason of smoking is psychological. History of Smoking First of all we will briefly look at the origin of smoking. Cigarettes have a long history. Tobacco, the main ingredient of cigarettes, first started growing in about 6,000 B. C. In 1 B. C. American Indians started using tobacco. At first they were mainly used because of religious reasons. It was also believed then that tobacco had healing powers and was used as a pain killer. Tobacco was brought to Europe by sailors. Randall (1999) reported that on 1492 Christopher Columbus was gifted with dried tobacco by the American Indians. Even in Europe the major reason for tobacco use was medical. It was believed that tobacco could heal almost everything, starting from bad breath to cancer. In 1571 a Spanish doctor called Nicolas Monardes even wrote a book describing its healing factors. In that he said tobacco could heal 36 health problems. In the 1600’s tobacco became very popular. It was even used as money in some parts of the world. But this was also the time when people started noticing the dangers of smoking. In 1610 Sir Francis Bacon reported that quitting smoking is difficult. In 1776, during the American Revolutionary War, tobacco helped finance the revolution. It was used as collateral for loans the Americans borrowed from France. Over the years scientists began to understand the main chemicals in tobacco. In 1826, nicotine was discovered. It was then completely realized that smoking is a deadly habit. Around 1849 cigarettes became popular. Soldiers brought it to England from Russian and Turkish soldiers. During this time cigarettes were made from the scrap of other tobacco product. Chewing tobacco was one of them as it was quite popular among the Americans. In 1900’s cigarettes became a major tobacco product. During the two World Wars the use of cigarettes became very high. During these times women were targeted by the cigarette companies. In the Second World War (1939-1945) cigarettes were included in the soldiers’ C-Rations. Tobacco companies sent millions of cigarettes free of cost to the soldiers. And when the war broke they had a huge number of loyal customers. In the following years the real dangers of smoking started to come to being. Scientists linked smoking to cancer. Various health hazards were discovered. During this time the advertisements of cigarettes in television were being prohibited in Great Britain and in the U. S. In the recent years more bad effects of smoking have been found. But still lots of people are smoking even after knowing the bad effects (Randall, 1999). Reasons behind Smoking There are various reasons behind smoking. Like discussed previously, smoking was once considered as a healing treatment. But in modern society things have changed. Among several of reasons the main reasons of smoking are psychological. Radwan (n. d. ) said â€Å"Contrary to common beliefs people smoke cigarettes because of psychological reasons and not because of nicotine addition. † Starting from curiosity to depression, all the moods of human psyche play a large effect on smoking. Here we are going to see exactly what causes a person to smoke. The main psychological reasons are explained below. Depression Depression can play a big role in smoking. Whenever people get depressed they start to smoke. Again already depressed people might find difficulties in quitting smoking. For teen-agers depression triggers the starting of smoking. McGovern et al. (2006) reported that â€Å"Teens who smoke regularly are almost twice as likely as teens who smoke occasionally to report high levels of depression†. The reasons for this kind of behavior have always been questioned. Only recently some explanations have come out. Cheong, Herkov, and Goodman (n. d. explained some of the reasons: New research has suggested that there may be something in cigarette smoke that has antidepressant properties, which explains why cigarette smoking is much more common among depressed patients. A survey of 3,000 individuals in the St. Louis area confirmed that lifetime frequency of major depression was more common among smokers than nonsmokers (6. 6 v s. 2. 9 percent) This study also demonstrated that smokers who reported at least one episode of major depression were less likely to succeed in smoking cessation programs than smokers without depression (14 vs. 8 percent). These findings have been confirmed many times over. These properties influence depressed people to smoke. Also it is often seen that whenever someone get depressed they start smoking heavily. So we can say that depression can strongly influence people into smoking. Curiosity One more reason why people especially teen-agers start smoking is curiosity. Young people often start to smoke just to find out how it tastes. Gaskell (2010) said â€Å"Curiosity may get the best of some teens who begin smoking just to find out what it feels like. † Especially children are often curious to do new or forbidden things. Whenever they go outside they see cigarettes being bought or sold. This all adds to their curiosity and they start smoking. The survey conducted for this research also yields the same result. This survey shows that almost 78% of students doing the survey have smoked out of curiosity at least for once. Some may think that young boys and girls actually smoke because it looks cool or to show off where the real reason is actually curiosity. Also some people start doing it as an act of rebellion (Pressmart Team, 2007). Peer Pressure Peer pressure also drives young people into smoking. Peer means friends who are of equal age. Maddox (2011) believes that peers play a large role in a person’s behavior: The behavior and choices of peers can influence the behavior and choices of others in their peer group, which may have either a negative or a positive impact, depending on the circumstances. When it comes to the unsafe behavior of smoking, the connection between young people who do or do not smoke and their peers is very strong. Whenever in a friend circle someone starts to smoke others also start doing it just because of not wanting to be left alone. Edwards (2011) reported that â€Å". . . not participating in an activity that others are participating in leaves impressionable teens feeling â€Å"left out† and more likely to pick up the habit merely to fit in with the group. † So it is often seen that people get the smoking habit just by trying to fit in socially. Evans (n. d. ) stated that â€Å"Often they feel encouraged and pressured or even teased and taunted into smoking. Teens also want to fit in with peer groups they admire-the â€Å"cool† kids-and many of them will do what â€Å"cool† kids do. So it is quite natural for young boys and girls to start smoking in order to get social acceptance. Influence of Others Young children look up to their elder brothers and sisters, parents and other familiar faces. So whenever they see their favorite figures smoking they get highly influenced to do so. It is believed they do so because children want be more like them (Evans, n. d. ). Parents also play a l arge role into this. Researches show that whenever mothers are depressed and smoke it is likely that their children will also take up this habit (Gaskell, 2010). Other studies also support this fact. Smokers in the family can lead children into smoking. Edwards (2011) reported: In addition, having family members who smoke increases the availability of cigarettes. Teenagers can simply take cigarettes from unattended packs around the house rather than putting effort into getting them another way. When a parent incorporates cigarettes into a teenager’s life by having him bring the cigarettes, clean ashtrays or even light cigarettes, the teen is more likely to pick up the habit than an adolescent who does not handle cigarettes or cigarette paraphernalia on a regular basis. Not only relatives and friends sometimes even favorite actors or players can influence young people to smoke. Especially in movies when children see the heroes smoking they get influenced to do so. So role models also play a big part in the reasons of smoking. Stress Many chain smokers continue to smoke to relieve stress. Mature people when get addicted to smoking they don’t just continue to do it out of curiosity or peer pressure, they continue to do so to release stress or anxiety. Again some use smoking as a reliever of tension. It is very common among smokers to smoke whenever they feel stressed or anxiety. They often smoke in the beginning and the closing of the day. Ditcher (1947) said: The smoker has work to do, and he eases himself into the day’s activities as pleasantly as possible. He gives himself a little consolation prize in advance, and at the same time manages to postpone the evil hour when he must begin his hard day’s work. After a long tiring day of work they believe that smoking can make them feeling relaxed. Even during work it is not uncommon to take a break for a smoke. It can also work like a rewarding system. Orlopp (n. d. ) explains this fact by saying: Taking five at work to smoke a cigarette is a reward for a smoker, most wouldn’t think of taking five if they didn’t have a reason too. With smoking, you have that reason to kick back and enjoy yourself for a couple minutes. It helps give you that boost to get through a long day of work. So whenever smokers find themselves in trouble they tend to fix it by smoking. Some even go as far as to say that without having a puff of smoke they cannot think properly. Difficulties in Quitting Smoking Having discussed the main psychological reason for smoking, now we will gaze a view on why it is hard to actually quit smoking. Every year lots and lots of smokers try to get rid of this nasty habit but more than half of them fail. Again there are some people who succeed in giving up smoking but after a while they go back to it. There is a very common saying among the smokers, â€Å"Quitting is easy, and I have quitted smoking many times. † So we can see that there many people who tried to quit but for some reason they just cannot stay away. There are several reasons behind this. Thompson (2011) reported that although nicotine makes it hard to quit smoking the main reason behind it is a bit more complex. Smoking makes several of psychological changes in a man’s life. People tend to make smoking a part of their everyday life. So whenever they try to quit smoking they also must deal with all parts of their life which can initiate the desire for smoking. One of the main difficulties in quitting is the withdrawal symptoms. It can vary differently among different people. The symptoms can be physical or psychological. Some of them are listed below: * Frustration Anxiety * Irritability * Dizziness * Sleep disturbances * Concentrating problems * Restlessness * Headaches * Fatigue * Depression These are the some of the many symptoms of withdrawal (Shaw, 2010b). So we can notice here that various psychological reasons that can cause smoking are also the effects of quitting. So smokers often find it hard and go back to smoking just to cope up with these problems. Another main obstacle in the fight against smoking is temptation. Some people find it very difficult to remain ex-smokers just because they cannot stay away from smoking. Shaw (2010a) has said: Dealing with temptations to smoke again often starts on the first day of quitting and can last for days or weeks. Many ex-smokers have an emotional attachment to smoking for a time. They may remember smoking while having a cup of coffee or alcoholic beverage. Smoking after a meal had been a common practice. Some people have friends still smoking or want to go to places where smoking is accepted. Also the availability of cigarettes now-a-days can make resisting cigarettes more difficult. Mostly in the streets of Bangladesh cigarettes is sold in plenty. People don’t have to walk very far to find a shop selling cigarettes. So just seeing all these cigarettes can awaken the temptation to smoke again. Another interesting theory about difficulties was described by Radwan (n. d. ). He said that people with â€Å"self image problem† always feel uneasy in crowded environment. They often do various embarrassing things and lose control. So to fix this problem people go back to smoking. As smoking demands repeating â€Å"certain fixed movements†, people can get back the sense of control they require. Thus for people like this quitting becomes extremely difficult. Survey Findings In order to prove the hypothesis that psychological reasons indeed play a large role into smoking a survey was conducted among 23 students of this university. Both male and female students were included in the survey. They produced significant results. And from the survey it seemed that curiosity, depression and influence from people are mainly responsible from smoking. An important question of this research was â€Å"does human psychology play a big role for people to smoke? † 14 people out of the 23 respondents thought that it played a big part. This means almost 61% people actually think that psychology is responsible for smoking. Figure 1 Among the 23 respondents 6 thought that it played moderate role. And only 3 people thought psychology is not the main reason for smoking. From the percentage point of view only 13% people go against this hypothesis. So this statistics strengthens the hypothesis that psychology is the main reason for smoking. Previously we discussed that teenagers start smoking mainly because of curiosity. In the survey a question was asked if they ever smoked out of curiosity. And out of 23 people 18 of them answered yes. So almost 79% people have smoked out curiosity. The reason of adolecence smoking also came out to be curiosity. Figure 2 So from the chart we can see that the majority of people (11 out of 23) believe that curiosity leads young people into smoking. It is also found out that 27% people believe that showing off also is another reason for smoking. 22% believes that peer pressure is another reason. So it seems that in Bangladesh curiosity and showing off are the main reasons of why young people start to smoke. Again they were asked that when do people tend to smoke more. 5 out 23 people believe that when someone is tensed they smoke. Also 13 of them believe that depression causes them to smoke. And a small amount persons (4 out of 23) said that people smoke when they are happy. Figure 3 So from this chart we can come to the conclusion that tension and depression cause people to smoke more. From the survey another interesting result came out. It is popular belief that normal people smoke more than very successful and not successful people at all. This can point at the fact that a huge number of people smoke today as normal middle class people are the majority. Figure 4 As we can see the normal middle class constructs almost 35% of the total area of the pie and the lower middle class constructs 30%. So together, middle class people take up 65% of the whole area. Not successful people also hold 26% of the total area. So all in all we can say that middle class people smoke more. Also there were some other questions like â€Å"does influence of other actually play a role in smoking? † 91% of the people thought that it did. And when they were asked who can influence them, most of them said friends and relatives. Again they were asked if they thought that smoking was fun. But most of them did not think that smoking was fun. Respondents also gave their own opinion about the reason of smoking. Most of them thought tension and depression are the main causes of smoking. So the survey produced some valuable results. The statistics from the survey proves that the main reasons those were discussed in the essay are quite correct. Conclusion Smoking today is a very popular habit among people today. Although it has severe consequences people still continue to do it. Various people do it for various reasons. But if we try to generalize the reasons we can actually see that most of them start smoking out of curiosity, peer pressure and influence. And when they get addicted they can’t quit because of the added stress, tension and depression. All of these are psychological reasons. It is true that there are some physical reasons also behind smoking but it’s the psychological reason that plays the bigger par. So it can be said that human psychology is the main reason behind smoking. References Cheong, J. , Herkov, M. , ; Goodman, W. (n. d. ). Depression and smoking. Retrieved from http://psychcentral. com/library/depression_smoking. htm Dichter, E. (1947). Why do we smoke cigarettes? In The psychology of everyday living. Retrieved from http://smokingsides. com/docs/whysmoke. html Edwards, C. (2011, June 14). Reasons why teenagers start smoking. Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/220035-reasons-why-teenagers-start-smoking/ Evans, A. (n. d. ). Smoking and teenagers. Retrieved from http://adrianaevans. hubpages. com/hub/Smoking-and-teenagers Gaskell, K. H. 2010, August 16). Reasons teenagers begin smoking. Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/207428-reasons-teenagers-begin-smoking/ Maddox, N. (2011, May 29). Smoking Peer Pressure Facts. Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/245384-smoking-peer-pressure-facts/ McGovern, J. A. , Rodriguez, D. , Patel, V. , Faith, M. S. , Rodgers, K. , ; Cuevas, J. (2006, April). How do psychological factors influence adolescent smoking progression? the evidence for indirect effects through tobacco advertising receptivity. Pediatrics, 117, 1216-1225, doi: 10. 542/peds. 2005-0808 Orlopp, B. (n. d. ). Why do people continue to smoke? stress, expression, social, loneliness. Why do people smoke? Retrieved from http://www. squidoo. com/why-do- people-smoke- Pressmart Team. (2007, December 4). Curiosity leads youth to smoke. Retrieved from http://www. pressmart. com/blog/2007/12/curiosity-leads-youth-to-smoke. html Radwan, M. F. (n. d. ). Why do people fail to quit smoking? Why do people smoke cigarettes. Retrieved from http://www. 2knowmyself. com/Why_do_people_smoke_cigarettes Randall, V. R. (1999, August 31). History of tobacco. Retrieved from http://academic. udayton. edu/health/syllabi/tobacco/history. htm Shaw, J. (2010a, July 4). Problems after you quit smoking. Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/165762-problems-after-you-quit-smoking/ Shaw, J. (2010b, June 9). Why is smoking hard to quit? Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/144259-why-is-smoking-hard-quit/ Thompson, D. J. (2011, June). Why is it so hard to quit smoking? Retrieved from http://www. everydayhealth. com/smoking-cessation/understanding/index. aspx How to cite Why Do People Smoke?, Essays

Why Do People Smoke Free Essays

Why Do People Smoke? Shourav Banik 1111263042 ENG 105: 14 Abdus Selim May 2, 2012 Why Do People Smoke? Introduction Smoking is one of the most popular habits among people today. All around the world we see people smoking. Even in Bangladesh the number of smokers is quite high. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Do People Smoke? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Especially around the university campus young adults are seen smoking frequently. It can be said that among every friend circle in universities we will find one or two smokers. My circle is no different also. Not only in universities, even around schools and colleges teenagers can be seen smoking. Offices and restaurants have their own smoking zone so that people can smoke without any kind of problems. Given this huge popularity of smoking one can only wonder the main reasons behind it? Smoking cigarettes has become a very common trend among people today. Although there are various bad effects of smoking cigarettes people find it very hard to quit smoking once they start. Now-a-days we see even very young boys and girls smoking cigarettes. The bad effects of smoking are known to almost everybody in the world today. There has been strong promotion against this deadly habit. In school students are constantly reminded of its bad consequences. But still we see people smoking. This is a habit that has been going on for many decades now. Several reasons drive a man towards smoking. Every person tends to think that they have different reason for smoking. But if we look closely we may see a general pattern among smokers. The main reason of smoking is psychological. History of Smoking First of all we will briefly look at the origin of smoking. Cigarettes have a long history. Tobacco, the main ingredient of cigarettes, first started growing in about 6,000 B. C. In 1 B. C. American Indians started using tobacco. At first they were mainly used because of religious reasons. It was also believed then that tobacco had healing powers and was used as a pain killer. Tobacco was brought to Europe by sailors. Randall (1999) reported that on 1492 Christopher Columbus was gifted with dried tobacco by the American Indians. Even in Europe the major reason for tobacco use was medical. It was believed that tobacco could heal almost everything, starting from bad breath to cancer. In 1571 a Spanish doctor called Nicolas Monardes even wrote a book describing its healing factors. In that he said tobacco could heal 36 health problems. In the 1600’s tobacco became very popular. It was even used as money in some parts of the world. But this was also the time when people started noticing the dangers of smoking. In 1610 Sir Francis Bacon reported that quitting smoking is difficult. In 1776, during the American Revolutionary War, tobacco helped finance the revolution. It was used as collateral for loans the Americans borrowed from France. Over the years scientists began to understand the main chemicals in tobacco. In 1826, nicotine was discovered. It was then completely realized that smoking is a deadly habit. Around 1849 cigarettes became popular. Soldiers brought it to England from Russian and Turkish soldiers. During this time cigarettes were made from the scrap of other tobacco product. Chewing tobacco was one of them as it was quite popular among the Americans. In 1900’s cigarettes became a major tobacco product. During the two World Wars the use of cigarettes became very high. During these times women were targeted by the cigarette companies. In the Second World War (1939-1945) cigarettes were included in the soldiers’ C-Rations. Tobacco companies sent millions of cigarettes free of cost to the soldiers. And when the war broke they had a huge number of loyal customers. In the following years the real dangers of smoking started to come to being. Scientists linked smoking to cancer. Various health hazards were discovered. During this time the advertisements of cigarettes in television were being prohibited in Great Britain and in the U. S. In the recent years more bad effects of smoking have been found. But still lots of people are smoking even after knowing the bad effects (Randall, 1999). Reasons behind Smoking There are various reasons behind smoking. Like discussed previously, smoking was once considered as a healing treatment. But in modern society things have changed. Among several of reasons the main reasons of smoking are psychological. Radwan (n. d. ) said â€Å"Contrary to common beliefs people smoke cigarettes because of psychological reasons and not because of nicotine addition. † Starting from curiosity to depression, all the moods of human psyche play a large effect on smoking. Here we are going to see exactly what causes a person to smoke. The main psychological reasons are explained below. Depression Depression can play a big role in smoking. Whenever people get depressed they start to smoke. Again already depressed people might find difficulties in quitting smoking. For teen-agers depression triggers the starting of smoking. McGovern et al. (2006) reported that â€Å"Teens who smoke regularly are almost twice as likely as teens who smoke occasionally to report high levels of depression†. The reasons for this kind of behavior have always been questioned. Only recently some explanations have come out. Cheong, Herkov, and Goodman (n. d. explained some of the reasons: New research has suggested that there may be something in cigarette smoke that has antidepressant properties, which explains why cigarette smoking is much more common among depressed patients. A survey of 3,000 individuals in the St. Louis area confirmed that lifetime frequency of major depression was more common among smokers than nonsmokers (6. 6 v s. 2. 9 percent) This study also demonstrated that smokers who reported at least one episode of major depression were less likely to succeed in smoking cessation programs than smokers without depression (14 vs. 8 percent). These findings have been confirmed many times over. These properties influence depressed people to smoke. Also it is often seen that whenever someone get depressed they start smoking heavily. So we can say that depression can strongly influence people into smoking. Curiosity One more reason why people especially teen-agers start smoking is curiosity. Young people often start to smoke just to find out how it tastes. Gaskell (2010) said â€Å"Curiosity may get the best of some teens who begin smoking just to find out what it feels like. † Especially children are often curious to do new or forbidden things. Whenever they go outside they see cigarettes being bought or sold. This all adds to their curiosity and they start smoking. The survey conducted for this research also yields the same result. This survey shows that almost 78% of students doing the survey have smoked out of curiosity at least for once. Some may think that young boys and girls actually smoke because it looks cool or to show off where the real reason is actually curiosity. Also some people start doing it as an act of rebellion (Pressmart Team, 2007). Peer Pressure Peer pressure also drives young people into smoking. Peer means friends who are of equal age. Maddox (2011) believes that peers play a large role in a person’s behavior: The behavior and choices of peers can influence the behavior and choices of others in their peer group, which may have either a negative or a positive impact, depending on the circumstances. When it comes to the unsafe behavior of smoking, the connection between young people who do or do not smoke and their peers is very strong. Whenever in a friend circle someone starts to smoke others also start doing it just because of not wanting to be left alone. Edwards (2011) reported that â€Å". . . not participating in an activity that others are participating in leaves impressionable teens feeling â€Å"left out† and more likely to pick up the habit merely to fit in with the group. † So it is often seen that people get the smoking habit just by trying to fit in socially. Evans (n. d. ) stated that â€Å"Often they feel encouraged and pressured or even teased and taunted into smoking. Teens also want to fit in with peer groups they admire-the â€Å"cool† kids-and many of them will do what â€Å"cool† kids do. So it is quite natural for young boys and girls to start smoking in order to get social acceptance. Influence of Others Young children look up to their elder brothers and sisters, parents and other familiar faces. So whenever they see their favorite figures smoking they get highly influenced to do so. It is believed they do so because children want be more like them (Evans, n. d. ). Parents also play a l arge role into this. Researches show that whenever mothers are depressed and smoke it is likely that their children will also take up this habit (Gaskell, 2010). Other studies also support this fact. Smokers in the family can lead children into smoking. Edwards (2011) reported: In addition, having family members who smoke increases the availability of cigarettes. Teenagers can simply take cigarettes from unattended packs around the house rather than putting effort into getting them another way. When a parent incorporates cigarettes into a teenager’s life by having him bring the cigarettes, clean ashtrays or even light cigarettes, the teen is more likely to pick up the habit than an adolescent who does not handle cigarettes or cigarette paraphernalia on a regular basis. Not only relatives and friends sometimes even favorite actors or players can influence young people to smoke. Especially in movies when children see the heroes smoking they get influenced to do so. So role models also play a big part in the reasons of smoking. Stress Many chain smokers continue to smoke to relieve stress. Mature people when get addicted to smoking they don’t just continue to do it out of curiosity or peer pressure, they continue to do so to release stress or anxiety. Again some use smoking as a reliever of tension. It is very common among smokers to smoke whenever they feel stressed or anxiety. They often smoke in the beginning and the closing of the day. Ditcher (1947) said: The smoker has work to do, and he eases himself into the day’s activities as pleasantly as possible. He gives himself a little consolation prize in advance, and at the same time manages to postpone the evil hour when he must begin his hard day’s work. After a long tiring day of work they believe that smoking can make them feeling relaxed. Even during work it is not uncommon to take a break for a smoke. It can also work like a rewarding system. Orlopp (n. d. ) explains this fact by saying: Taking five at work to smoke a cigarette is a reward for a smoker, most wouldn’t think of taking five if they didn’t have a reason too. With smoking, you have that reason to kick back and enjoy yourself for a couple minutes. It helps give you that boost to get through a long day of work. So whenever smokers find themselves in trouble they tend to fix it by smoking. Some even go as far as to say that without having a puff of smoke they cannot think properly. Difficulties in Quitting Smoking Having discussed the main psychological reason for smoking, now we will gaze a view on why it is hard to actually quit smoking. Every year lots and lots of smokers try to get rid of this nasty habit but more than half of them fail. Again there are some people who succeed in giving up smoking but after a while they go back to it. There is a very common saying among the smokers, â€Å"Quitting is easy, and I have quitted smoking many times. † So we can see that there many people who tried to quit but for some reason they just cannot stay away. There are several reasons behind this. Thompson (2011) reported that although nicotine makes it hard to quit smoking the main reason behind it is a bit more complex. Smoking makes several of psychological changes in a man’s life. People tend to make smoking a part of their everyday life. So whenever they try to quit smoking they also must deal with all parts of their life which can initiate the desire for smoking. One of the main difficulties in quitting is the withdrawal symptoms. It can vary differently among different people. The symptoms can be physical or psychological. Some of them are listed below: * Frustration Anxiety * Irritability * Dizziness * Sleep disturbances * Concentrating problems * Restlessness * Headaches * Fatigue * Depression These are the some of the many symptoms of withdrawal (Shaw, 2010b). So we can notice here that various psychological reasons that can cause smoking are also the effects of quitting. So smokers often find it hard and go back to smoking just to cope up with these problems. Another main obstacle in the fight against smoking is temptation. Some people find it very difficult to remain ex-smokers just because they cannot stay away from smoking. Shaw (2010a) has said: Dealing with temptations to smoke again often starts on the first day of quitting and can last for days or weeks. Many ex-smokers have an emotional attachment to smoking for a time. They may remember smoking while having a cup of coffee or alcoholic beverage. Smoking after a meal had been a common practice. Some people have friends still smoking or want to go to places where smoking is accepted. Also the availability of cigarettes now-a-days can make resisting cigarettes more difficult. Mostly in the streets of Bangladesh cigarettes is sold in plenty. People don’t have to walk very far to find a shop selling cigarettes. So just seeing all these cigarettes can awaken the temptation to smoke again. Another interesting theory about difficulties was described by Radwan (n. d. ). He said that people with â€Å"self image problem† always feel uneasy in crowded environment. They often do various embarrassing things and lose control. So to fix this problem people go back to smoking. As smoking demands repeating â€Å"certain fixed movements†, people can get back the sense of control they require. Thus for people like this quitting becomes extremely difficult. Survey Findings In order to prove the hypothesis that psychological reasons indeed play a large role into smoking a survey was conducted among 23 students of this university. Both male and female students were included in the survey. They produced significant results. And from the survey it seemed that curiosity, depression and influence from people are mainly responsible from smoking. An important question of this research was â€Å"does human psychology play a big role for people to smoke? † 14 people out of the 23 respondents thought that it played a big part. This means almost 61% people actually think that psychology is responsible for smoking. Figure 1 Among the 23 respondents 6 thought that it played moderate role. And only 3 people thought psychology is not the main reason for smoking. From the percentage point of view only 13% people go against this hypothesis. So this statistics strengthens the hypothesis that psychology is the main reason for smoking. Previously we discussed that teenagers start smoking mainly because of curiosity. In the survey a question was asked if they ever smoked out of curiosity. And out of 23 people 18 of them answered yes. So almost 79% people have smoked out curiosity. The reason of adolecence smoking also came out to be curiosity. Figure 2 So from the chart we can see that the majority of people (11 out of 23) believe that curiosity leads young people into smoking. It is also found out that 27% people believe that showing off also is another reason for smoking. 22% believes that peer pressure is another reason. So it seems that in Bangladesh curiosity and showing off are the main reasons of why young people start to smoke. Again they were asked that when do people tend to smoke more. 5 out 23 people believe that when someone is tensed they smoke. Also 13 of them believe that depression causes them to smoke. And a small amount persons (4 out of 23) said that people smoke when they are happy. Figure 3 So from this chart we can come to the conclusion that tension and depression cause people to smoke more. From the survey another interesting result came out. It is popular belief that normal people smoke more than very successful and not successful people at all. This can point at the fact that a huge number of people smoke today as normal middle class people are the majority. Figure 4 As we can see the normal middle class constructs almost 35% of the total area of the pie and the lower middle class constructs 30%. So together, middle class people take up 65% of the whole area. Not successful people also hold 26% of the total area. So all in all we can say that middle class people smoke more. Also there were some other questions like â€Å"does influence of other actually play a role in smoking? † 91% of the people thought that it did. And when they were asked who can influence them, most of them said friends and relatives. Again they were asked if they thought that smoking was fun. But most of them did not think that smoking was fun. Respondents also gave their own opinion about the reason of smoking. Most of them thought tension and depression are the main causes of smoking. So the survey produced some valuable results. The statistics from the survey proves that the main reasons those were discussed in the essay are quite correct. Conclusion Smoking today is a very popular habit among people today. Although it has severe consequences people still continue to do it. Various people do it for various reasons. But if we try to generalize the reasons we can actually see that most of them start smoking out of curiosity, peer pressure and influence. And when they get addicted they can’t quit because of the added stress, tension and depression. All of these are psychological reasons. It is true that there are some physical reasons also behind smoking but it’s the psychological reason that plays the bigger par. So it can be said that human psychology is the main reason behind smoking. References Cheong, J. , Herkov, M. , ; Goodman, W. (n. d. ). Depression and smoking. Retrieved from http://psychcentral. com/library/depression_smoking. htm Dichter, E. (1947). Why do we smoke cigarettes? In The psychology of everyday living. Retrieved from http://smokingsides. com/docs/whysmoke. html Edwards, C. (2011, June 14). Reasons why teenagers start smoking. Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/220035-reasons-why-teenagers-start-smoking/ Evans, A. (n. d. ). Smoking and teenagers. Retrieved from http://adrianaevans. hubpages. com/hub/Smoking-and-teenagers Gaskell, K. H. 2010, August 16). Reasons teenagers begin smoking. Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/207428-reasons-teenagers-begin-smoking/ Maddox, N. (2011, May 29). Smoking Peer Pressure Facts. Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/245384-smoking-peer-pressure-facts/ McGovern, J. A. , Rodriguez, D. , Patel, V. , Faith, M. S. , Rodgers, K. , ; Cuevas, J. (2006, April). How do psychological factors influence adolescent smoking progression? the evidence for indirect effects through tobacco advertising receptivity. Pediatrics, 117, 1216-1225, doi: 10. 542/peds. 2005-0808 Orlopp, B. (n. d. ). Why do people continue to smoke? stress, expression, social, loneliness. Why do people smoke? Retrieved from http://www. squidoo. com/why-do- people-smoke- Pressmart Team. (2007, December 4). Curiosity leads youth to smoke. Retrieved from http://www. pressmart. com/blog/2007/12/curiosity-leads-youth-to-smoke. html Radwan, M. F. (n. d. ). Why do people fail to quit smoking? Why do people smoke cigarettes. Retrieved from http://www. 2knowmyself. com/Why_do_people_smoke_cigarettes Randall, V. R. (1999, August 31). History of tobacco. Retrieved from http://academic. udayton. edu/health/syllabi/tobacco/history. htm Shaw, J. (2010a, July 4). Problems after you quit smoking. Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/165762-problems-after-you-quit-smoking/ Shaw, J. (2010b, June 9). Why is smoking hard to quit? Retrieved from http://www. livestrong. com/article/144259-why-is-smoking-hard-quit/ Thompson, D. J. (2011, June). Why is it so hard to quit smoking? Retrieved from http://www. everydayhealth. com/smoking-cessation/understanding/index. aspx How to cite Why Do People Smoke?, Essays

People In Canada Living With Poverty Social Work Essay Essay Example

People In Canada Living With Poverty Social Work Essay Essay Another cause of poorness in some instances may be divorce or individual parentage. This would be a precipitating cause because together a twosome on two incomes may be able to back up a kid, nevertheless, divided they may non hold the income to supply as they did antecedently. Harmonizing to a survey done in Ottawa, kids in individual parent places are more likely to go destitute, particularly when there was more than one kid life in the place ( Fleury, 2008 ) . In many state of affairss, one parent may hold stayed at place to care for kids and the family, while the other worked, intending that parent would be dependent on the other parent. If a divorce takes topographic point, the dependent parent no longer has the other parent to back up them, and they may non hold employment, doing it really easy for them to fall into poorness. We will write a custom essay sample on People In Canada Living With Poverty Social Work Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on People In Canada Living With Poverty Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on People In Canada Living With Poverty Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Yet another cause of poorness is dependence, which can be both a precipitating and a perpetuating cause. Addictions can frequently take to loss of employment and abuse of fundss which can convey on and perpetuate the issue of poorness. Lawrence M. Mead says although poorness is non an dependence, it is frequently caused by and causes dependence. Addiction has a definite drip consequence on poorness. If one has an dependence, for illustration, to a drug, it becomes the most of import thing in their life, all their money goes to buying the drug, all their clip is devoted to hiting and making drugs, which means, they may non travel to school or work, or their behaviour causes them to be dismissed, intending they have no agency for an income. The nut s income would travel towards drugs, and non other demands, or they would non hold an income at all, go forthing them in poorness. Last, a cause of poorness is frequently debt and hapless debt direction. It is possible to populate with some debt and non hold to populate in poorness, nevertheless if debt is non managed decently and becomes more than one is capable of covering with, it can take to poverty. Four million Americans would fall below the federal poorness line if the involvement they pay on their recognition cards and other consumer debts were subtracted from their incomes says a San Francisco Chronicle article. These people are called the debt hapless ( Abate, 2009 ) . These people, although they may non look like the stereotyped hapless, they technically do non hold the agencies to obtain the necessities of life and, at some point are faced with bankruptcy and the loss of their place. Microsystem Consequences A microsystem effect of poorness is low self-esteem. It is obvious kids populating in poorness have problem purchasing the latest tendencies, their parents may non drive the nicest auto or drive a auto at all, possibly they do non hold a washer and drier and so sometimes they have to travel without clean apparels for a period. Their parents can non afford to set them in music lessons or subscribe them up for athleticss squads. Some kids, who are resilient would non allow this halt them from being confident, nevertheless, non all kids understand that they are non on a flat playing field, so to talk and believe that it is a failing in themselves and non unfairness within the system and experience that their personal worth is straight related to their fiscal worth. A kid with the tools to win is more likely to win and if they win, they become more confident, doing them more likely to take more hazards, with a likeliness of wining once more and increasing their assurance more. In some in stances, kids in poorness deficiency those tools, or have to work harder for them, intending they do non win as frequently, diminishing their self-pride ( Eric J. Marsh, 2010 ) . Bullying is another effect of poorness that frequently goes along with low self-pride. Children in poorness are frequently bullied. Harmonizing to a survey done in the UK, low-income kids are frequently the mark of strong-arming in wealthier countries, because of their socio-economic position ( Branigan, 2007 ) . One in 13 kids in an international survey of 35 states and more than 162 000 kids reported strong-arming due to their socio-economic position. The unfairness among striplings from low socio-economic backgrounds puts them at a greater hazard for strong-arming. Teenss that are from schools and populating in states where there is a bigger spread between socio-economic groups are at higher hazard of being bullied. Poverty besides has a immense impact on kids s physical development. One in 10 Canadians is affected by nutrient insecurity which has a correlativity to hapless wellness ( Kirkpatrick, 2008 ) . Without proper diet, kids will miss the foods they need to develop optimally, and may even go over or under weight. Studies show kids with a balanced diet are ill less frequently than kids with hapless nutrition ( Kirkpatrick, 2008 ) . Families may non be able to afford medical disbursals or interventions that would forestall their kid from unwellness or decrease the effects of an unwellness or hurt, doing damage. Besides, parents in low-income places may happen it more hard to afford necessary fixs in the family that would guarantee their kid s safety. Pregnant female parents populating in poorness besides pose a hazard, if they are non able to afford equal prenatal attention. Poverty has an impact on mental wellness, every bit good. Children from low socio-economic backgrounds were more than twice as likely to endure from anxiousness and depression as their opposite numbers from better socio-economic positions ( Mark Lemstra, 2008 ) . Children from low-income households, non merely have the normal emphasis a kid would hold, many destitute kids are cognizant of their households adversities and have developed anxiousness about measures and debts and nutrient security, and feelings of hopelessness about their state of affairss and deficiency positive feelings of dignity. Besides impacting physical and mental wellness, societal development is besides a effect of poorness. Poverty has an impact on the development of societal accomplishments in kids. Children life in poorness frequently have poorer linguistic communication accomplishments and less developed get bying accomplishments, which in bend impacts the quality of their relationships with equals ( Lisa Fiorentino, 2004 ) . Children life in poorness besides have less chance for societal interaction due to the fact they are non able to afford to be portion of extra-curricular groups that help develop societal accomplishments and promote peer relationships. Without the money to afford the same societal chances kids in low-income places are non able to develop societal accomplishments as easy, so poorness is a definite impact on societal development. Cognitive damage has besides been cited as a effect of poorness. Harmonizing to research, kids who are malnourished will endure cognitive lacks and kids populating in poorness are more likely to be malnourished than those who are in-between category or affluent. Besides, kids who are hapless are less equipt to research their environment significance they are non having the same mental stimulation or their environment is less stimulating ( Brown, 1996 ) . Parents are besides less able to afford to set their kids in activities or purchase things like books and computing machines that would assist excite cognitive development. Therefore, there are assorted grounds why poorness has an influence on cognitive development including malnutrition, and deficiency of chance for mental stimulation. Another unfortunate effect of poorness is abuse and disregard. Harmonizing to research from the NSPCC: adult females from hapless childhood places were twice every bit likely to hold suffered maltreatment or disregard ( 77 per cent versus 38 per cent ) , and the association was even more dramatic with multiple signifiers of maltreatment, with a treble addition: 45 per cent of those from hapless childhood places had experienced more than one signifier of maltreatment compared with 15 per cent who had experienced no poorness. ( NSPCC, 2008 ) Poverty can set a batch of emphasis and strain on households doing parents more susceptible to going culprits and kids more vulnerable and likely to be victimized. Lack of resources besides makes it more hard to supply kids with their basic demands, which does non ever represent an allegation of disregard, nevertheless, if the parent is utilizing child public assistance revenue enhancement and child support for personal usage and non to supply for the kid it is neglect. Poverty can besides impact one s personal values and beliefs. Children s values and beliefs are affected by their socio-economic position. From personal experience, being really hapless turning up, I had a certain paradigm. I believed that affluent people were the enemy and that they did non value me because I was hapless. I besides did non value instruction really much because I did non believe I would hold the chance to travel to college or university, because my parents could non afford to assist me pay for it. I learned non to value money and do with less. Family was of import to me, since I spent so much clip at place, due to the fact I could non afford to be in any lessons or on athleticss squads. It is obvious a kid from a hapless place compared to a household from a affluent place would hold a really different mentality on life. Mesosystem Causes Lack of resources is a precipitating cause of poorness. There is a deficiency of low-cost lodging and deficiency of services available to battle poorness and to help those in poorness, particularly for new immigrants coming to Canada. There are non plenty services available to assist new Canadians adjust, to assist them upgrade instruction, to happen occupations and low-cost places and to larn the linguistic communication so they can win at their occupation and at school. In some more rural countries there is no ESL plan offered. Besides, the complicated signifiers and waitlists mean people in demand of poorness alleviation may non acquire aid for months ( Canadian Council on Social Development, 2010 ) . Loss of employment is a precipitating cause of poorness, every bit good. Loss of a occupation sometimes non merely means loss of fiscal support from an employer, it besides means loss of insurance. Meaning medical and dental attention, house fix, auto fix are non covered, so households do without or are put further in debt by holding to pay for medical or fix measures. If a household has no income it is hard to supply necessities for one s household, and if the low-income cut-off is more than 50 % of income is spent on necessities, than anyone who is unemployed or whose partner is unemployed will probably suit that standards ( Statistics Canada, 2010 ) . Mesosystem effects A microsystem effect of poorness was child maltreatment and disregard, so it is apparent so, that on a mesosystem degree there is a effect which affects Children s Aid Societies. CAS woks with households to assist acquire them on path and acquire support that they may non otherwise be able to afford for their kid. Harmonizing to OACAS, many of the kids utilizing their services are populating in poorness ( Laurie Monseebaaten, 2008 ) . Poverty is a cover job which is the cause and effect of many of the things CAS trades with on a regular footing, frequently times to cover with these other jobs they provide households with services that deal with poorness. Another large effect of poorness is that it affects the kid s school experience. In some instances kids go to school in a poorer vicinity and so their equals are hapless, but rather frequently hapless kids go to schools where there is socio-economic inequality. This, in some instances affects them more as it makes the kids more loath to accept aid financially to pay for field trips or athleticss squads. They lose out on larning chances because of their poorness. They besides have a more hard clip wining in school because they may non hold entree to computing machines or books necessary to assist them larn and complete school work, and because they may hold occupations outside of school to assist them battle the poorness, go forthing them less clip for their school work ( Sands, 2007 ) . Poverty is a large barrier to wellness attention, even in Canada. Although initial health care is free. The cost of medicine, oculus attention and dental attention is still excessively expensive for some people to afford. For illustration, there is a intervention for AIDS nevertheless, it is excessively expensive for persons to purchase, but the pharmaceutical companies will non administer it for free or at a lesser cost because they do non wish to lose net income ( UNFPA, 2009 ) . Because dental attention, oculus attention and medicine are for the most portion, non every twenty-four hours needs, most people populating in poorness go without it. Another effect of poorness is that churches are involved in poorness alleviation around the universe. Religious groups are the figure one beginning of charitable financess donated in Canada and advocators for the hapless harmonizing to the World Council of Churches ( World Council of Churches, 2011 ) . Churchs are really involved locally and internationally with the battle against poorness, they work on all degrees of bar, primary, secondary and third. They support the development of micro concerns for adult females in Indian as a primary bar, they work with Canadian Food Grains Bank to administer nutrient as a secondary bar and they work in soup kitchens and assist people locally who come into acquire support as a third bar. ( McLennan, 2011 ) . A effect of poorness is the inability to afford to set kids into extracurricular activities and segregation in extracurricular activities. This has effects in itself, but in general, the high cost of music and dance lessons and athleticss squads means that kids are non able to take part, or are segregated to specific activities that are more low-cost. Recently, there has been offered a revenue enhancement interruption for parents of kids on athleticss squads, which has alleviated some of the emphasis put on parents to let their kids to take part, nevertheless, some parents still struggle to set their kids in activities, some of which are hard to acquire to if parents do non hold dependable transit. Having kids in extracurricular activities is besides a primary preventive step for forestalling kids from acquiring involved in offense, so parents in poorness who can non afford to set their kids in athleticss or pay for some sort of art lessons may besides hold to endure another effect of poorness, which is holding their kids involved in offense. Crime is another effect of poorness for a figure of grounds. Families may steal nutrient to supplement what small they have, kids and young person may steal things they want that they can non afford, parents and kids may acquire involved with covering drugs or fraud to supplement their income. A survey done in the U.S. besides shows that the jurisprudence is more indulgent to flush wrongdoers giving them small or no gaol clip compared to poorer wrongdoers ( Reiman, 1995 ) . Another effect of poorness is that households are segregated to specific vicinities and attend specific schools depending on their income. Rarely when low-income lodging is built is it merely one house in a comparatively flush vicinity, most low income lodging is built in blocks ; townhouses or flats and there is frequently more than one in a vicinity. Therefore, that peculiar vicinity is stigmatized as being the hapless vicinity . Peers are all from similar socio-economic backgrounds, schools in the vicinity are frequently overpoweringly populated by low-income kids ( Fleury, 2008 ) . Exosystem Causes A perpetuating cause of poorness is deficiency of authorities support for poorness alleviation. For people already populating in poorness if they can non acquire sufficient aid to assist them out of poorness, it means they remain at that place longer. Any societal aid one may have is hardly adequate to populate on so these people are still merely doing terminals meet. Without the chance to salvage some money people will go on populating paycheque to paycheque and if there is an exigency it may set more fiscal strain on them, because they did non hold plenty to populate on to get down with and they are put into debt. Another perpetuating cause of poorness among immigrants in Canada is the transit loans. Refugee households come to Canada, trusting for a better life, the Canadian authorities is sort adequate to loan them money for travel disbursals, which are really dearly-won. However, they are expected to pay this loan back within a really brief window of clip, maintaining in head that what small money they came with has been put towards happening a topographic point to populate and they may non even have a occupation yet ( Canadian Council for Refugees, 2010 ) . Unfortunately, this is of small concern to the authorities, so these people must fight both with being able to back up themselves in a new state and with paying back debt, perpetuating their poorness. Next, the cost of life in Canada has a great impact on poorness and is a precipitating effect. This is a cause more frequently attributed to developed states. The mean cost of rent in Toronto is between $ 775 and $ 895 for a 1 sleeping room flat, the cost of food markets for a month is about $ 100 a month and the cost of telephone services is about $ 23 a month ( Fast Facts, 2006 ) . With merely those disbursals, the cost of life for a month can be more than $ 1000, nevertheless, a individual employed full-time ( 40 hrs/wk ) at lower limit pay ( $ 10.25 ) makes less than twice that, intending significantly more than half of their income goes towards necessities of life. Finally, a perpetuating cause for poorness among kids is the disagreement in the Low-Income Cut-off with respects to what necessities are. It observes the demand for vesture, shelter and nutrient ; nevertheless, it does non take into history a kid s demand for societal and emotional development and scholastic success, which may come from appropriate child care, engagement in extracurricular activities and the purchase of school supplies. Without these things it is much more hard to win in school and life, intending less stable employment, which in bend consequences in go oning the rhythm of poorness. Exosystem Consequences One of the effects of poorness is how people view those on societal aid. There is the common stigma that people on societal aid are mistreating the system and that they are merely lazy and do non wish to acquire a occupation, nevertheless that is non ever the instance. In some instances, the receiver of societal helper is person who was a dependent and did non work or could non work and for a assortment of grounds had to go forth that dependent state of affairs and needed fiscal support, but was non able to happen a occupation instantly ( Pulkingham, 2011 ) . The portraiture of poorness in media is a effect has a effect on how poorness is viewed. The media has created this stereotype of the hapless stripling. They are ever from the incorrect side of the paths, engage in immoral behavior, acquire into a batch of battles and neer excel in school or they are portrayed as soiled street kids. For illustration, in the film Slums of Beverly Hills, the characters are a hapless household who must invariably travel to avoid paying rent ; the immature female is non interested in school and is really promiscuous ( Jenkins, 1998 ) . Obviously, this inaccurate portraiture of poorness does non assist with a kid s self-esteem or to cut down intimidation or promote impoverished young person that they are capable of accomplishing great things. Another myth that has become the effect of how people view poorness is the myth that people who use soup kitchens and nutrient Bankss are stateless or idle, when in world many of the people accessing these installations are working hapless, who have occupations, and possibly a place. They may be able to pay their rent, but their income is non sufficient plenty to afford equal nutrient. Close to 7 million workers earn less than $ 20 000 per annum and 40 % of destitute kids live in households where at least one parent is employed full-time twelvemonth unit of ammunition. Parents have kids to care for and sometimes that means they need to supplement their repasts with nutrient from a nutrient bank or repasts from a soup kitchen to do certain their kids are fed ( Poor No More, 2009 ) . Next, a effect of how people view poorness is the myth that hapless kids are less intelligent and non every bit successful as affluent kids. Although there is grounds that poorer kids are more likely to fight in school and that they will go on the rhythm of poorness and that poorness is a hazard factor for lower IQ, this is non ever the instance. Truly, this depends on resiliency. The more resilient and determined a kid is, the more likely they will get the better of their fortunes and excel in school and in life ( Lisa Fiorentino, 2004 ) . Although they may non hold the same resources as a affluent kid, every bit long as they have a good support system and the finding to win no affair what obstacles are placed in forepart of them, they will interrupt free from that stereotype. Yet another myth that exists is that hapless people are ever looking for press releases. This is really really inaccurate ; frequently households remain in poorness because they are excessively proud to inquire for aid which could be a perpetuating cause of poorness as good. Besides, though they are hapless they are far from incapacitated. Many people would be happy to offer their accomplishments or work in return for support and would experience more fulfilled making so ( Poor No More, 2009 ) . Some recognition and intervention as an equal is frequently what the hapless are looking for, non merely trim alteration. The concluding myth that exists in our society is that poorness merely happens in Africa, this. The overpowering sum of support and promotion the poorness afflicted continent receives is animating, nevertheless, serving the local hapless does non look about every bit of import to people. When we look at the private assistance traveling abroad to alleviate poorness and the sum of sponsorship and acceptance of kids in developing states, it is significantly more that what is received locally. Fifteen per cent of Canadian kids are populating in poorness ; that is about 100 thousand kids ( Fleury, 2008 ) . 100 1000 kids who need aid, but are overlooked for kids in developing states. Poverty does go on in Canada. Macrosystem Causes A precipitating cause of poorness that has been extremely publicized in recent old ages is the economic system. Canada, along with about the full remainder of the universe has felt the impact of an economic depression which has inflated monetary values, caused occupation loss and created a immense inflow of people into societal aid. As antecedently discussed, cost of life, occupation loss and deficiency of resources are causes of poorness ; an economic depression is the cause of all three, doing poorness an issue on a supranational graduated table. Third universe authoritiess are obligated to vie with each other and with more dominant, developed states. To pull investors, destitute states attempt to supply cheaper resources, goods and labor. This has merely increased poorness ( Shah, 2011 ) . So, the economic system has been an international cause of poorness. Additionally, war is a precipitating cause of poorness. War causes huge devastation and costs 1000000s of dollars. There is devastation to systems such as societal services and wellness attention and resources are diluted and redirected from poorness alleviation to keeping the war, every bit good as physical harm to edifices and properties. This consequently consequences in poorness

3 Examples of Restructuring In-Line Lists

3 Examples of Restructuring In-Line Lists 3 Examples of Restructuring In-Line Lists 3 Examples of Restructuring In-Line Lists By Mark Nichol â€Å"In-line list† is simply a fancy term for a list of things in a sentence that aren’t treated as a vertical list- that is, a list formatted so that each item is positioned below the previous one (often with a number, letter, bullet, or other symbol to set the items off visually from each other and sometimes represent a hierarchy or sequence). As with vertical lists, careless organization of list items in in-line lists results in syntactically flawed sentences such as those shown below. However, as opposed to vertical lists, which often err in grammatical inconsistency of the items, in-line lists are often marred by a poor organization of list items (and items in lists within lists) and incorrect use of transitional elements such as conjunctions and punctuation marks. A discussion and a revision after each example explains the error and illustrates a solution. 1. The category includes those with low incomes, poor credit history, inadequate documentation, or those living with a disability, illness, or those with a criminal record. This sentence unhelpfully makes no distinction between three categories of list items: financial, medical, and legal complications. The revision reorganizes the unstructured collection of six items into these categories: â€Å"The category includes those with low incomes, poor credit history, or inadequate documentation, those living with a disability or illness, or those with a criminal record.† (Because one category itself constitutes a list of three items, some writers may prefer to mark the three larger divisions with semicolons rather than commas, but because of the repetitive phrasing beginning with those, the more potent punctuation is not necessary.) 2. They build large capital reserves, have great relationships with their lenders, and trusting relationships with their customers, vendors, and shareholders. Here, five elements are syntactically structured as a list, but the third item (which itself refers to three things) lacks a verb, so the sentence structure is flawed: â€Å"They build large capital reserves, have great relationships with their lenders, and have trusting relationships with their customers, vendors, and shareholders.† (Similar to the previous example, because the distinct items are clearly indicated by parallel use of verbs, no hand-holding replacement of commas with semicolons is necessary in this case.) Another option is to revise this sentence using conjunctions in place of some punctuation marks: â€Å"They build large capital reserves and have great relationships with their lenders and trusting relationships with their customers, vendors, and shareholders.† 3. Do we have a great team, a strong road map, and the required processes, systems and alliances, and sufficient resources to sustain our journey?      In this case, the sentence is almost correct, but qualifying resources with sufficient renders it a syntactical orphan. The simplest solution is to omit the adjective and allow resources to share required with the items that precede it: â€Å"Do we have a great team and a strong road map, as well as the required processes, systems and alliances, and resources to sustain our journey?†Ã‚   If you feel that resources does not belong with the other items as shown in the revision above, consider this solution: â€Å"Do we have a great team and a strong road map- as well as the required processes, systems and alliances- and resources to sustain our journey?† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comparative Forms of AdjectivesComma Before ButThrew and Through

Top French Pronunciation Mistakes and Difficulties

Top French Pronunciation Mistakes and Difficulties Many students find that pronunciation is the hardest part of learning French. The new sounds, the silent letters, the liaisons - they all combine to make speaking French very tricky. If you really want to perfect your French pronunciation, your best option is to work with a native French speaker, preferably one who specializes in accent training. If that isnt possible, then you need to take things into your own hands by listening to French as much as possible, and by studying and practicing the pronunciation aspects that you find most difficult. Here is a list of the top French pronunciation difficulties and mistakes, with links to detailed lessons and sound files. The French R The French R has been the bane of French students since time immemorial. OK, maybe its not quite that bad, but the French R is pretty tricky for a lot of French students. The good news is that it is possible for a non-native speaker to learn how to pronounce it. Really. If you follow my step-by-step instructions and practice a lot, youll get it. The French U The French U is another tricky sound, at least for English speakers, for two reasons: its hard to say and its sometimes difficult for untrained ears to distinguish it from the French OU. But with practice, you can definitely learn how to hear and say it. Nasal Vowels Nasal vowels are the ones that make it sound like the speakers nose is stuffed up. In fact, nasal vowel sounds are created by pushing air through the nose and mouth, rather than just the mouth as you do for regular vowels. Its not so difficult once you get the hang of it - listen, practice, and you will learn. Accents French accents do more than just make words look foreign - they modify pronunciation and meaning too. Therefore, its extremely important to know which accents do what, as well as how to type them. You dont even need to buy a French keyboard - accents can be typed on virtually any computer. Silent Letters Many French letters are silent, and a lot of them are found at the end of words. However, not all final letters are silent. Confused? Read over these lessons to get a general idea of which letters are silent in French. H  Muet  / Aspirà © Whether its an  H  muet  or an  H aspirà ©, the French H is always silent, yet it has a strange ability to act as a consonant or like a vowel. That is, the  H aspirà ©, although silent, acts like a consonant and does not allow contractions or liaisons to occur in front of it. But the  H  muet  acts like a vowel, so contractions and liaisons are required in front of it. Confusing? Just take the time to memorize the type of H for the most common words, and youre all set. Liaisons and Enchaà ®nement French words flow one into the next thanks to liaisons and enchaà ®nement. This causes problems not only in  speaking but in  listening comprehension  as well. The more you know about liaisons and enchaà ®nement, the better youll be able to speak and understand whats being spoken. Contractions In French, contractions are required. Whenever a short word like  je, me, le, la, or  ne  is followed by a word that begins with a vowel or H  muet, the short word drops the final vowel, adds an apostrophe, and attaches itself to the following word. This is not optional, as it is in English - French contractions are required. Thus, you should never say je  aime or le  ami - it is always  jaime  and  lami. Contractions  never  occur in front of a French consonant (except H  muet). Euphony It may seem odd that French has specific rules about ways to say things so that they sound prettier, but thats the way it is. Familiarize yourself with the various euphonic techniques so that your French sounds pretty too. Rhythm Ever heard anyone say that French is very musical? Thats partly because there are no stress marks on French words: all syllables are pronounced at the same intensity (volume). Instead of stressed syllables or words, French has rhythmic groups of related words within each sentence. Its kind of complicated, but if you read my lesson youll get an idea of what you need to work on.

Discussion Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Discussion - Dissertation Example In order to find the answer to this question, it is important to consider that whether the Saudis were provided a fair and equal opportunity to evaluate the two sides of the Bahraini conflict through analyzing the themes of the news and the leading stories published in the Saudi print media by drawing the information acquired from the content analysis and interpreting it in the wake of the various press theories. 6.1 The Performance of the Saudi Print Media during the Bahraini conflict In the analysis of the Saudi print media performance, the discussion here take in to account the news content that have been published in Al yaum Newspaper and in Al Riyadh Newspaper during the occurrence of protests and riots at the streets of Bahrain. ... Previously in this study, it has been mentioned that the coverage of the conflict in Bahrain by the Saudi Arabian press would depend extensively on the domestic sources in comparison to the foreign sources, which may be true by looking at each source individually, however, the Saudi print media seemed to be more dependent over the SPA as compared to any other single source. Since the Saudi media is indirectly governed or supervised by the Saudi Arabian government, thus this dependence was anticipated, and it is the duty of the press to carry out the agenda of the government through briefings from the SPA that lies under the supervision of Saudi Arabian Ministry of Information. Nevertheless, if the information sources are conglomerated into external and domestic sources, it get evident that the Saudi Arabian print media relied more on external sources, specifically on AFP, Reuters, UPI, AP, and other such agencies as compared to domestic sources. It is expected that this would impact the geographical perspective of the news coverage by the Saudi media, which suggests that it would emphasize over some areas of the world while neglecting the others. This is specifically significant provided the frequent research findings that the material of the Saudi media was more influential in topics that relate to the Bahraini conflict about which the readers in Saudi Arabia were ill-informed previously In fact, it was clearly found that the Saudi Arabian print media coverage of the Bahraini conflict emphasized more on to stories that emerged from the Middle East, the Western Europe, the USA, and other such foreign locations in comparison to those that emerge in the Saudi Arabia. The findings of the content analysis have been provided below: The first question: What is the

The Impact of Oil and Gas Production in the Developing Countries Essay

The Impact of Oil and Gas Production in the Developing Countries - Essay Example This essay stresses that the implementation plan requires many resources that call for total devotion to the work. The company has plans to utilize the least amount of money possible to facilitate the implementation of its plans. The company also requires utilizing the improved technology to enhance its exploration and production operations within Algeria. The availability of the regulations of Health, Safety and Environment protect the investors from Sanawa and therefore facilitates its operations in the petroleum sectors. The company will only intensify to the offshore drilling with respect to the agreements with the ministry. This gives a challenge to the implementation of the company’s strategy since the offshore drill is extra costly that the onshore drilling. In order to overcome this challenge, the company will revisit its accounts and its productivity in all branches from other countries. In doing that, the company will secure enough funds that would cater for the impl ementation plans. This paper makes a conclusion that the development of an oil plant in Algeria by the Sanawa Company will have many positive impacts to the Algerians. The implemented strategy will cause sustainability and development of community projects that will be facilitated through oil and gas products. The company is looking forward to building an alliance with Algeria as well as within the community of nations. Summing up all these significant of these projects initiated by Sanawa, the project will post the productivity and economy of Algeria.

Effective Use of the First Person in First Confession Essay -- First C

Effective Use of the First Person in First Confession "I decided that, between one thing and another, I must have broken the whole ten commandments, all on account of that old woman, and so far as I could see, so long as she remained in the house I had no hope of ever doing anything else," (page 189). This quote from the text of "First Confession" by Frank O'Connor exquisitely shows which point of view O'Connor selected for his story. Frank O'Connor chose the first-person point of view to tell his tale. One can determine this by three factors: the use of the word "I", the use of grammatical voice and the use of conveying the story through the characters. These three techniques are shown vividly throughout O'Connor's novella. The use of the word "I" in O'Connor's short story is in the text continuously with an unquestionable presence. A prime example of the usage of "I" in O'Connor's tale is first seen in the second paragraph as Jackie talks about his grandmother favoring Nora, his older sister, over him: "Nora, my sister, just sucked up to the old womanÖI was too honest, that was my trouble; and when I was playing around with Bill ConnellÖand saw my grandmother steering up the path with the jug of porter I was mortified. I made excuses not to let him into the house, because I could never be sure what she would be up to when we went in," (page 188). The application of the word "I" is an obvious and well-known method of the first-person point of view, as well as using another compatible method such as grammatical voice. Grammatical voice is a conventional technique of guiding the reader through the story using a first-person point of view. This is a... ...s. The reader is also shown that Jackie's mother dislikes her mother-in-law's mannerisms. This use of conveying the story through the characters is another method that is primarily used in first-person point of view, conventionally for its simplicity and advantage of giving several details in a short amount of time. O'Connor shows first-person point of view unremittingly in the short story "First Confession." By his usage of the word "I," O'Connor announces to the reader that he is writing in first-person, by using the method of grammatical voice O'Connor shows another technique of writing in first-person and, intertwined with grammatical voice, his conveyance of the story through the characters is his last usage of writing in the first-person point of view. These three applications of writing give the reader a sure perception of O'Connor's point of view.

Health Problems as a Result of Environmental Crisis Essay

Given that I work in an Emergency Department, the usual encounters we have involves health problems. However, in the past months and last year, people that we encounter are those of with fever and flu. Some diseases were also frequent. Diseases that arouse were usually an effect of a downfall in body’s immune system. This has happened when the extreme changes in environmental climate took place. As a result of the fast growing effects of global warming, the weather has extreme changes within a day. The extreme cold and hot weather that occurs in twenty-four hours has a bad effect on body temperature. The tremendous  Ã‚   changes weaken the body since the type of climate that occurs does not match the survival qualifications of human. In order to be involved in this issue, I suggest that the Emergency Department lead a program awareness to fight global warming, deal with its effects, and how to be healthy during the experience of its effects. On the other hand, I can be of help to if I encourage friends and families to practice activities or home choirs that will help lessen climate change. Like, use products with Energy Star seal, this is product lessen greenhouse effect and air pollution. Also, saving energy thru maintenance and cleaning of heating and cooling equipments used in our homes. I can also save energy by using green power, where the energy is from the sun and the wind. Frugality not just in money can help deal with climate change. For example, recycling materials we use at home   and buying new stuff as a product of recycling. Another way to conserve energy is by taking public transportation in routinely going to work or school. Or maintaining the efficiency of your car so it will not emit high amounts of greenhouse emissions. In offices, power management features should be discussed with the employees especially those workers who operate machineries. With this adjustments in our daily lives, we can help fight climate change and also save the world. Reference Climate Change – What You Can Do. January 28, 2008 retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/wycd/office.html